Plantas no nativas introducidas en Nicaragua
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.67154/BIN.v9.2026.50Keywords:
Non-native species, biological invasion, biodiversity, Flora of Nicaragua, environmental conservationAbstract
Invasive species threaten ecosystems and economies; therefore, a comprehensive inventory of non-native species is crucial for effective management and prevention. Although previous estimates existed, Nicaragua lacked a comprehensive and verified list of non-native plant species until now. This study compiles 487 non-native species across 106 families, classified by invasion status: 247 casual, 188 established, and 51 invasive. Poaceae, Fabaceae, and Asteraceae are the most represented families, with species primarily originating from tropical Asia, Africa, and South America. Similar trends in Central America suggest tropical climates facilitate the establishment of non-native species with origin in the tropics of other regions. To ensure accuracy, taxonomic and geographic verification was conducted using herbarium specimens, however, the actual number is likely underestimated, highlighting the need for expanded field surveys and citizen science to improve monitoring. This study underscores the importance of continued research on ecological and economic impacts of invasive species and supports national strategies aligned with global biodiversity goals.
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